martedì 9 giugno 2015

One take, one frame, one camera: Minolta A5


When I choose a classic camera to bring with me for a photo session, or just to have something in my bag for any eventuality, I would like to have with me a solid, reliable, nice instrument, capable of producing good results.
I'm not a collector, but an user, so I select some cameras could still give good photographic results and make me want to expose some film.
I'm not crazy for rangefinder cameras because I'm a shot maniac that loves to study very precisely the right image composition and the impossibility to know exactly what is happening on the frame drives me quite mad. I recognize the utility of this category of photo cameras and the advantages to photographing with a light and quiet camera, so I decided to get me a Minolta A 5.

Minolta A5, year 1968

General appearance
Heavy, made of metal, simple, a bit squared, the Minolta A5 has a good quality Rokkor 40mm f 2,8 and a between the lens shutter made by Seiko SLV.
It doesn't need battery because there is not any lightmeter inside.
It is a camera for purist and i like it for this reason. No electronic, no electrical garbage, just mechanical gear and optics: this is all I need.
The shape is quite essential, the controls are in the right place and easy to use; everybody can understand this is a serious camera, not a toy.

The shooting
Margot, the model, has been very brave to follow me inside an abandoned industrial area in Milan; we climbed a wall and we took the photograph after we overcame a barbed wire. Margot, in this picture, is holding her left hand just at the iron line (not framed).
I had a big backpack with other 2 cameras and a couple of lens, but I wanted to make understand how carrying a small, strong, simple camera during these excursions could be a good idea. 
It was the first film I exposed with this camera, so framing correctly the subject hasn't been too intuitive, also using the frames in the viewfinder for parallax correction. If the eye is not perfecly at the center and perpendicular to the frame, it is easy to cut a part of our subject. This is the limit of this camera. 
The telemeter is not extremely clear, but it is precise in the focusing.
To determine the exposure I used a separate digital light meter: a Gossen Digisix.

The result
I like the bokeh, the central shutter and the focal lenght of the Rokkor 40 mm f 2,8; also micro-contrast, lens coating and colour rendering are very good. 
I'm really very happy of this camera and I think to bring it with me instead of my Rollei 35S that is a spectacular camera, but misses the telemeter.


Margot in the leaves
Minolta A5, Fujicolor C 200, Iso 200 1/60 sec. f4
Scanner Agfa D-Lab 1

Why to choose this camera?
If you don't need to change lens, this is the perfect camera to have always with you.

Commercial value Vs. real value
How much would you pay for a camera that makes very well its job, lasts 50 years, or maybe the double, without any problem?
I think you can buy a Minolta A5 for a price between 50 or 100 euros. Pratically nothing.
I payed mine nearly the same price (5 euros more) I payed for the Nikkorrmat FTN I tested last time.
It would be interesting to compare the images obtained with this camera with the images obtained with a Minolta-Leica CL. I have no doubts that the results would be very, very interesting and the shuttur of the A5 could also be more accurate of the shutter of the CL. Tony Graffio

The film rewind knob, the rapid wind lever and the exposer counter are different from the first version of the Minolta A5 made in the 1960



mercoledì 20 maggio 2015

Educational photography by Caroline Gavazzi

Photography is not only art, communication or documentary; photography can be a teacher or a therapy, helping you overcoming problems or mental blocks.
Caroline Gavazzi, who’s 43 years old and was born in Monza (Italy), studied city planning in Paris, where she lived for few years. She moved to the UK where she started working as an independent photographer, after being assistant to Vogue artistic director.
Through her work she built a conversation with a group of children from a difficult neighbourhood in North-East London, at the De Beauvoir Primary School in Hackney. Here you find the interview she released at MIA FAIR, Milan. T.G.


Fear is behind a curtain



Tony Graffio in interview with Caroline Gavazzi

Tony Graffio: Caroline let's talk about you, who are you? What do you do? Where do you live?
Caroline Gavazzi: I live and work in London since 17 years. I started my career as photographer of interiors, portrait and still life for several British magazines, most of them from Condé Nast.
Then little by little, I turned myself to art photography, because it was the genre I was particularly interested to, also because in this way I felt more free to communicate my ideas in a better way.

T.G.: What is "Fear" about?

Caroline Gavazzi: This project was born one year ago in the UK. It was born together with a charity who introduced me to a school in Hackney, a difficult area of London, to work with a class of children aged between 9 and 10 years old.
I decided to work on the subject of fears, to teach children that photography can convey emotions. Photography is not only about landscapes, friends or food pictures, but through this form of expression you can also reason about something deeper.
With the teacher’s help, I asked children to talk about their fears. Then I photographed these fears, both in the classroom and outside in the school garden. It was necessary to find a way to represent their fears or phobias trough images.
I realised that these photographs where too direct and strong. They were about something very private concerning the personal sphere of the child. In my opinion it wasn’t fair showing everyone such personal fears.
That is why I decided to cover with a loth the photographs of each child’s fear, in a way to protect the child, but also to create an interaction with the public. The public shouldn’t stop to the appearance, but it should go beyond and find out the fear which is hidden behind each child.

Fear of dolls

I thought of using a cloth to be lifted up by visitors in order to discover children fears. The cloth used here is very important andsymbolic. It is made by a tissue that British children use to get comfort and protection, it is made by muslin which becomes in this way a kind of Linus’s security blanket”.
I was very proud of showing these fears to the children and the public. The exhibition started a conversation about fears and a lot of children understood that they have many fears in common.
Facing this fact has a liberating and therapeutic effect for the ones who learn to accept the existence of fears, and that we should learn to live with them in order to finally overcome them. Bring out our fear and share it is good for everyone.

T.G.: Are these photographs symbolic, or are these the real fears chosen by the children?

Caroline Gavazzi: These are the fears children told me about, that can be real phobias.

T.G.: Were you surprised by something in particular during this experience?

Caroline Gavazzi: First of all, I had a wonderful relationship with these children. A lot of them have family issues, their parents are very absent, they are never there, not even at night. These children are very much left to themselves. Maybe also for this reason, they were all enthusiastic about working with me, because they finally found someone who gave them attention, listening to their problems. This experience was for them the opportunity of sharing something very personal, that no one had considered before.

T.G.: Did the project take place inside their classroom only?

Caroline Gavazzi: The work ended with an exhibition at the school. Children were proud of showing what they were afraid of to their schoolmates and to their families: it was a very nice moment!

T. G.: Do you plan to bring this project somewhere else?

Caroline Gavazzi: Yes definitely. I am currently trying to find opportunities in Italy. Thanks to this charity I will work with four schools in Milan: a Chinese school, an Arab one, a Catholic one, and I can’t remember the last one.
Anyway, the idea to be understood is, that despite of where you come from,culture, religion and anything else may be different, but in the end we’re all the same and we often share the same fears.

Fear of shadows

T. G.: Was it difficult to submit this project in London?

Caroline Gavazzi: No, because I was helped by this charitable association called Pinksie, existing both in London and in Italy, aimed at helping children, often in difficult and disadvantaged neighbourhoods through culture and arts. They follow an approach suitable to children, who are provided with free workshops organized by artists. I have been selected among several artists. I chose the subject of fears, because it was the subject of a children book, who tells the story of a whale afraid of diving into the depths of the sea.

T.G.: Did you get the idea of using the curtain to cover the pictures together with the children?

Caroline Gavazzi: Yes, I got it with them. The first day we just photographed their fears, but soon after I realized that the work couldn’t be complete in this way. At first I thought about a sliding curtain, but then it would have remained open. My idea was on the contrary to keep it closed. So I draw this picture in a japonaiserie” style, linear and minimal, where the curtain fall back to its place after viewing the image behind it.
  
Fabio Castelli, MIA Fair founder and director, thinks that the action of lifting up the curtain beyond the photography, recalls the idea of opening the case of an old daguerreotype and unveil the image to the eyes of who’s watching in a particularly fascinating way.

Caroline Gavazzi against the fear of knives

A visitor was upset by discovering that a little girl was afraid by popping ballons.

Another visitor facing the fear of dolls.

Caroline Gavazzi is currenlty represented by the art gallery : Cecile Gallet Contemporary.




lunedì 11 maggio 2015

One take, one frame, one camera: Nikkormat FTn

And also one lens, one film, two scanners. 

I wanted to make a brief review of the cameras I own, or the cameras, for any reason, I consider interesting, so I decided to describe them in only one take, trying to show what is possible to do with that special model of camera I chose.
Today, in this new appointment, I'm going to talk of the Nikkormat FTn, a very strong, mechanical 35mm slr that can be used proudly and with satisfaction also in the digital era.
Many years ago, I owned a Nikkormat FT3, a wonderful camera that could be adapted esily at every Nikkor manual focus lens series: Nikkor pre AI, Nikkor AI and Nikkor AIS.
I own only Nikkor AIS, so when a couple of months ago I found a very cheap Nikkormat FTn body on sale, I had no doubts about what to do. I bought it that camera also if the internal light meter didn't look to work at all and if there was a sort of customization on the lever that changes the film speed, inhibiting to move the sensitivity indications of the camera exposure meter.

General appearance
I love simplicity, robustness and praticality, for me the Nikkormat FTn is a masterpiece of design, force and ergonomy. 
Having in the hands an object partially hand made with precision and heavy metals, bring us back to the time the photographic tools were sort of eternal jewels, instead of plastic with no value made to last 2 years, or a bit more, like it happens now.
One of the things I like best is the finishing of the pentaprism: big, bi-coluored with a squared part on the top and a thick metal plate with written "Nikkormat" screwed (screws on view) onto the front of it.
Without to say that there is not at all the useless shoe flash for stupid flashes.
I hate flash. Maybe you already understood it.
I love to feel the metal on my hands, so I'm very happy the film advance lever is made in a unique piece of chromed plated brass, without useless gummy cover.

The shooting
The camera is very, very tough, I wanted to take a picture where I could give immediately this idea and, at the same time, I wanted to employ the Nikkormat FTn in a typical situation where it could be at ease without asking too much at an old veteran. 
The focusing screen misses a broken image line rangefinder; this means that it's not totally easy to focus only on the matt glass (not so clear) and on the microprism circle that is not too bad either, but not even comes near the extraordinary contrasted Leicaflex SL microprism circle, produced just one year later, in 1968.
The camera was hand held and it was raining.
To determine the exposure I used a separate digital light meter: a Gossen Digisix.

 Margherita
Lens: Nikkor Ais 35mm f 1:2
Film: Kodakcolor Plus 200 Iso: 200 1/125 sec. f 5,6
Scanner: Canon FS 4000 US

 Margherita
Lens: Nikkor Ais 35mm f 1:2
Film: Kodakcolor Plus 200 Iso: 200 1/125 sec. f 5,6
Scanner: Agfa D-lab 1

The result
The scan made with the Agfa D-lab 1 of Emma Canepari comes out of the machine without doing any additional adjustment, while for the scan made with the Canonscan FS 4000 US I adjusted chroma and other variants at my will, including some "photoshopping".
The final result is not stunning, in both cases. I think this depends by 3 factors: the focus could have been made not perfectly on the face, but on the arms, scanning negative is not the best way to enjoy an analog support (expecially if you correct the grain with some noise reduction tool) and finally I think the Kodakcolor Plus can be a good film for snapshots under the sun, but it has not such a good answer under the shadows. 

Nikkormat FTn serial number 3515092. Alleged year of manufacture: 1967
(photographed with a JVC Picsio GM FN 1)

Color film negative: Kodakcolor Plus 200

Why to choose this camera?
Today I had to do some other pictures and I had with me, as usual, my Pentax Q and the Nikkormat FTn, at the end I've been able to take some photographs only with the Nikkormat because, after I recharged the litium battery of the digital camera, there was no way to use it without its own specific battery that I forgot inside the battery charger. Ok, it was my fault, but why can I still photograph with my Nikkormat without battery, without lightmeter, with worn seals of felt and practically without lubrification? 
The Nkkormat cameras are very strong cameras made to last nearly forever, thanks also to their mechanical Copal Square shutter made of metal blades.
Otherwise dual cloth curtains focal plane shutter, the metal blade focal plane shutter doesn't change dimensions or elasticity in the years.
I'm convinced that the Nikkormat are also stronger than Nikon F and Nikon F2.
Hey, wich camera today has a manual mirror lock up? Or any kind of MLU?
We cannot forget that the price of these cameras is ridiculous compared to the value of their manifacture and of the fact that they will probably last longer than you.
I have no idea when my Nikkormat was controlled by a specialist last time, but I don't think to bring it to the photo-repair for servicing too soon. Probably, I will make fix the seals just before my mechanical precision of confidence will retire, that's all.

Commercial value Vs Real Value
I would say it is possible to buy a good Nikkormat for less than 100 € (I payed mine much less), but the real value of an indestructible camera is obviously much higher. I would spend also much more money for buying a good one. I wouldn't consider the Nikkormat the poor man Nikon, indeed I preferred to buy this model of camera rather than a Nikon FM2, for example. Tony Graffio



sabato 9 maggio 2015

Back to the film

Jessica is a true lover of photography, she tatooed by herself a slr camera on her right arm, because this is the shortest way to her heart.
Just, it's not possible to understand if this camera is a digital slr, or a analogic slr, but probably this is a lucky point for this young photographer. When you change boyfriend and you have his name on your skin you can only do 2 things: erase the tatoo from your body, or find a man with the same name of the prevoius one.

Straight to the heart


Our friend Jessica has been very provident not to specify the make, the model, or any other information on her tatoo, because after a few years, her activity was carried on with a digital reflex, she recently had, as a present from a boy friend, a Minolta XD7 that she is very happy.
She started to make a revision to the seals and other parts those required maintenance after years of unused, then Jessica bought a nice wide angle and now she is ready to take her first black and white shots on film.
In these days, many digital natives are retracing the road of the chemical photography for many different reason; at first becase everybody is really interested in photography cannot evoid to know the technique and the results that this kind of image is able to give to a photographer/artist. Another reason is that sometimes can be more complicate and tricky to obtain a certain effect from a digital file than from a film, but still there are a lots of good points to chose the film, if you wish to distinguish your final result from a mass product. T.G.

Jessica Moscaritolo 23 y.o. photographer

<I can think of "scenes" with special settings according to my mood of that time, and I find the girls at random, or friends who usually know little or who have just met and I ask if they want to pose for me. In fact it is as if I used them, because I feel that I live and I feel that I represent photographing other people. Now I want to try to do all this in analog photography and see what happens>. Jessica Moscaritolo

From an artistic project of J. M. entitled: They controle your brain
This picture was taken in the ex asylum of Mombello (Milan), it was the biggest mental hospital in Europe

From an artistic project of J. M. entitled: Autumn according C.

From an artistic project of J. M.  entitled: Ghosts
This picture was taken in Consonno, a ghost luna park not too far from Lecco

From an artistic project of J. M. entitled: Lost in my world

From an artistic project of J. M. entitled: Wonderland & Alternative Alice

Just out of the camera repair shop, first day with a Minolta XD7. Ready for new adventures with a B/W film.

<Honestly, I enrolled at the course of photography at the Accademia di Brera to find my way (that I'm still looking) and a photographic style that it suited me>. Jessica Moscaritolo

martedì 7 aprile 2015

Alessia Mazzoleni and the gum printing


The technique
The gum printing is a technique imported from America.
It starts with a normal digital file that we bring to the copy center to print it as an old toner Xerox machine. This technique works only with the copiers whose resinous powder is fixed to the paper by an eletro-thermical process. It is not applicable to photographs printed with laser printers, or inkjet printers because this kind of inks are not able to hold the chalcography ink we are going to spread later on the paper matrix.
These old Xerox style printers are already a bit difficult to find, so when you are sure to have found the right shop where to start your process, you are already at a good point.
The dimensions of the prints depend by the dimesions printed by the copier.
Once we have made our “photocopy”, in a short time we have to treat the paper because the fresh toner retain more ink as a matrix.


So, we brush the back of the paper with a solution of shellac dissolved in alcohol at 100° we have praipared before. We need 150-200 grams of shellac per liter of alcohol.
We proceed in this way with shellac because this solution helps to harden and hold together the paper fibers that undergo a treatment done with a lot of water that might pulping photocopy.
We need to brush in this way at least 3-4 times the small paper (until 8X10 inches), while for larger sizes such as bed sheets it is necessary to brush the photocopy 6 or 7 times.
This has done because when the photocopy is wet it becomes heavy and likely to tear under its own weight
After drying our paper, we take the arabic gum and add distilled water very hot in a dosage of 1 : 2 (1 part of arabic gum to 2 parts distilled water), turns and photocopy, spreading the solution of water and arabic gum on the side where there is the image formed by the toner.
The arabic gum should be applied with a sponge for three times throughout the sheet.
We put the arabic gum with the sponge and we take it away from the white areas with the water annd we have to do this passage again after every inking phase.
The image chosen to be transformed into “Gum print” can be a drawing, a photograph, or other types of graphic composition, but it must be suitable to undergo this treatment.
Typically, the subjects a bit cotrasted are more suitable to be printed with this technique, it is still the possibility of developing our file with Photoshop before bringing it into the copy shop to enhance its characteristics as to make more evident.




Once our photocopy was prepared with shellac and gum arabic, you can place the sheet to be inked on a smooth and homogeneous plan, so that it adheres well to this support and avoid surprises during the inking that must be smooth and homogeneous. A glass plate, or a plexiglass can be good for this purpose.After that we take the roller with ink by intaglio printing and apply it on the photocopy to the side of the toner.
The toner has the property of retaining the ink, while whites have been made impermeable to the ink by the fact that arabic gum has become fixed in the black parts of the paper.
We start from a positive image, because the blacks will be played blacks (or the color with which you will be inking the matrix), while whites will remain white.as in a mirror.
This defect can be corrected before, always with Photoshop, or if it is not a problem, the image can be left with the left and right sides reversed.
This can happen if there are architectures where the change of sides is not perceived, as in architecture or landscapes which do not contain written.
Once the matrix is inked, we take the sheet to print (dry, do not get wet as happens for intaglio printing, because already the photocopy that serves as the matrix is wet) and we position it in contact with the toner part already inked, we align the paper and we put the everything under the press, even a couple of times.
At the end we detache the sheet of paper from the matrix and our gum printing will be ready once the ink has dried.


The matrix can be used up to a maximum of 5 times because the water and the pressure of the press spoil the paper. If you really did a good job, you also can manage to get six copies, but it is rare. Those tiny papar may last slightly longer.
In fact, the first printing is not considered, it is not good because the matrix needs to take the ink well. The first print is done on an ordinary sheet because you have a result a bit patchy and the black is not perfect.


The artist
Alessia Valentina Mazzoleni learnt this technique thanks to Chiara Giorgetti who was her teacher of printmaking at the Brera Fine Art Academy of Milan. 
Chiara Giorgetti liked Alessia's works and asked her to make them with the gum printing.
Alessia  partecipated to a couple of exhibitions, one in Bozen (Südtirol), the other in Munchen (Bavaria). In Bozen she sold her very large print of approximately cm. 190 X 90 for 400 euro. In the case of this subject, the matrix from the print was pulled was very large, it was destroyed in the third passage under the press.











Conclusion
The Gum print has the charm of engraving intaglio, adding to it to the charm of photography because the incisions, usually, are drawings and have a different look.
The photographs printed with ink offer a very special result and this is the atmosphere that can be suited to special subjects because they take a consistency more material that allowed to the author to get the effect that she pursued.
For the industrial subjects getting a very deep black, and having the ink a little smudged, or at least that aspect not too precise goes very well with the theme of the subjects. 
In this case, language and art go hand in hand to give more energy to the images. Tony Graffio


Alessia Valentina Mazzoleni, 25 y.o. artist and printer
(Canon A1 and Fujicolor 200)


Note: those that desire to read the original interview in italian can find it in Fragments of Culture, my other art and culture blog.


Alessia seen by Tony Graffio
(Canon A1 Fujicolor 200, prismatic filter and elaboration in PS)

mercoledì 11 marzo 2015

Kodak Brownie Mania

Divertirsi con pochi soldi, mettersi al collo una fotocamera dal design accattivante, per di più d'autentico modernariato? 
Senza contare che si tratta di un pezzo made in England capace d'ottenere delle belle immagini stile Lomo! 
Il tutto spendendo meno che acquistando una Holga?
Sembrerebbe impossibile, invece si può fare alla grande, grazie al giovane designer mantovano di 25 anni, Andrea Mambrini, che le ha tolte dall'ibernazione e le sta facendo rivivere per tutti noi, dandole per di più anche quel tocco di oggetto difficilmente reperibile, in qualche modo d'élite, che non guasta mai.
Di cosa sto parlando?
Ma delle Brownie, ovviamente. Le simpatiche fotocamere che Kodak ha prodotto per quasi 60 anni in ogni forma, versione e formato; cosa che ne può incrementare ancor più il collezionismo, o la ricerca.

Kodak Borownie mania
Andrea e la sua Brownie preferita, una Starlet

In molti sono convinti che la curiosità sia un difetto, eppure è proprio dalla passione per come funzionano le cose e dal desiderio di guardarci dentro che Andrea ha sviluppato la sua ingegnosità, nonché il gusto di poter riutilizzare oggetti che non sono mai veramente passati di moda e sanno conquistare nuove schiere di giovani fotografi.

<Devi aprirle per capirle, sono semplici, ma funzionali>
Andrea s'esprime così parlando delle fotocamere della Kodak prodotte a Londra fin dagli inizi del secolo scorso.

<You have to open them to understand them, they are simple, but functional>
Andrea has expressed himself so talking of the Kodak cameras produced in London since the beginning of the last century.

L'Italia è sempre stato un paese in cui ci sono stati problemi da risolvere in modo urgente relativamente alla sopravvivenza quotidiana ed alla conquista dei normali diritti per le genti più umili, rispetto a ciò che accadeva nei paesi più industrializzati ed alle condizioni di vita dei loro abitanti che, già ai primi del 1900, godevano di un sistema politico e sociale più solido e democratico, nonché di uno stato di diritto a tutti gli effetti applicato ad ogni cittadino, indipendentemente dalle sue idee, sesso, religione o status economico, cosa che sembra essere tutt'ora da essere messa in pratica, qui da noi nel paese più bello del mondo: Furbilandia (dico questo non perché ieri sia stato assolto un importante uomo politico italiano, ma perché sono sempre i soliti onesti ad essere penalizzati da questo sistema truffaldino).
E' stato così che mentre con un dollaro, o una sterlina si poteva comprare una fotocamera Kodak Brownie, in Italia solo i fotografi professionisti, generalmente nobili, aristocratici, o persone di un alto livello sociale, potevano permettersi di stare dietro una pellicola, o lastra che fosse, mentre facevano scattare un otturatore.
La vera popolarità della diffusione della fotografia e degli strumenti necessari per catturare le immagini in Italia sono slittati di circa 50-60 anni rispetto a Regno Unito, Francia, Germania ed, ovviamente, USA. 
Solo dopo il boom economico del decennio 1954-1964, l'italiano medio ha scoperto il gusto di comprarsi la prima fotocamera e comporre da solo i soggetti dei quali avrebbe poi registrato l'immagine, con l'intervento di fotocamere economiche made in Italy che spesso utilizzavano il formato 127 all'interno scatole a tenuta di luce di marche anch'esse scomparse, come Ferrania o Bencini, per citarne due tra le più conosciute.

Parte delle fotocamere recuperate da Andrea a Londra e dintorni

Le piccole Brownie a forma di parallelepipedo, hanno consentito all'uomo della strada di compiere la propria rivoluzione fotografica, semplicemente premendo un bottone, mentre Kodak, poi, avrebbe fatto il resto del lavoro.
Per aver portato la fotografia in ogni casa, ognuno di noi dovrebbe essere grato a questo prodotto che nella sua semplicità era geniale ed abbastanza robusto. 
Lavorando con un tempo di scatto intorno a 1/50 di secondo ed un diaframma molto chiuso, circa f 8, f 11 queste simpatiche scatolette consentivano d'avere grande profondità di campo, senza fare nessun'altra regolazione. 
Nei primi tempi le fotocamere Brownie erano costruite in cartone, mentre più tardi verranno fatte di bachelite, plastica e metallo.

La Starlet è un genere di fotocamera punta e scatta  che, grazie ad una lente addizionale, è adatta a riprendere anche ritratti ravvicinati

Qui Andrea ci mostra una Starflash molto speciale, una Startech per usi odontoiatrici nella sua confezione originale, praticamente nuova e due caricatori di pellicola, uno di essi è stato modificato per montare pellicole 135. 
Alle Brownie appartengono tutte le Star, in cui troviamo ad esempio Starlet, Starflash, Starmite e via di seguito. Quella grigia è una Startech, modello particolare di Starflash ma con diaframmi molto chiusi per mettere a fuoco da vicino. 

Here Andrea shows us a very special Starflash, a Startech for dental uses in its original packaging, practically new and two magazines of film, one of them has been modified to fit 135 film.
All the Star belong to the Brownie family, in which we find such Starlet, Starflash, Starmite and so on. That gray is a Startech, particular model of Starflash with diaphragms but very closed to focus close up.

Circa 3 anni fa, quando ancora frequentava il Politecnico alla Bovisa, Andrea ha letto un articolo che descriveva le Brownie sul National Geographic Magazine e da allora s'è messo a ricercare le box camera per rimetterle in sesto e poterle riutilizzare.
E' stato durante suo periodo universitario (concluso da poco) che Andrea ha iniziato a fotografare ed appassionarsi a certe soluzioni, in qualche modo poco comprensibili per qualcuno abituato ai computer più che alla chimica ed alla sensitometria. 
Con i suoi coetanei ha scoperto il mezzo digitale, per poi ri-orientarsi verso la fotografia tradizionale che permetteva di sperimentare delle tecniche più creative, o meno controllabili, come le doppie esposizioni e l'utilizzo di emulsioni scadute con l'imprevedibilità di certe strane affascinanti colorazioni.

Fotografia in striscia fatta in Norvegia, più precisamente si tratta di una pellicola dove sono stati effettuati 24 scatti in cui il giovane designer autore dello scatto s'è scordato di girare la manovella di avanzamento del film. Ne è uscito questo scatto unico che si mescolano colori freddi. Le dominanti di quei paesaggi in quel periodo ci evocano più emozioni, rispetto alle fotografie digitali piene di dettaglio e forse più precise tecnicamente, ma forse proprio per questo meno poetiche.


Photographic strip made in Norway, more precisely it is a film on which were made 24 shots where the young designer author of the shooting has forgotten to turn the knob to advance the film. It came out this single-shot that mix cool colors. Casting those landscapes in that period evoke in us more emotions than the digital photographs full of detail and perhaps more technically precise, but less poetic.

La Holga è in qualche modo imparentata con le Brownie per via di un'ottica e di una meccanica imprecisa e delle aberrazioni cromatiche che si ottengono proprio a causa dell'utilizzo di uno strumento economico che induce a familiarizzare con un modo semplice di gestire la tecnica fotografica.

Non c'è poi gran che all'interno di una Brownie Six-twenty, un semplice sistema di trascinamento della pellicola, una molla che comanda una lamella metallica che funge da otturatore, l'alloggiamento per la pellicola i rocchetti, un obiettivo ad una sola lente a menisco che ha una focale di 90 mm sul formato 6X9, un paio di mirini a specchio, viti e cose così.
Poiché la messa a fuoco è fissa su infinito, esiste la possibilità d'agire su una levetta sul lato destro della fotocamera per spingere manualmente una lente addizionale davanti all'obiettivo e permettere di porre a fuoco i soggetti tra circa 1,5 metri e 3 metri, una distanza che consente così di realizzare i ritratti.

There is not so much inside a Brownie Six-twenty, a simple system for dragging the film, a spring which controls a metal plate that acts as a shutter, the housing for the film spools, a single meniscus lens that has a focal length of 90 mm on the format 6X9, 2 viewfinder with small mirrors, screws and stuff like this.
Because the focus is fixed at infinity, there is the possibility of acting on a lever on the right side of the camera to manually push an additional lens in front of the lens and allow you to put the focus on the subjects between about m. 1.5 and 3 meters, a distance that allows you to realize the portraits.


Dopo aver cercato di reperire informazioni riguardanti le Kodak Brownie, basandosi sulle metodologia di studio apprese in Università, Andrea inizia a guardarsi in giro per raccogliere qualche esemplare di fotocamera da smontare per vedere com'è fatta e poter rimettere in ordine per un normale utilizzo.
Un suo amico che vive a Londra lo aiuta a trovare fotocamere in buone condizioni e glie le spedisce in Italia.
La ricerca procede in maniera scientifica per riscoprire come nacque la fotografia, quasi 200 anni fa e per recuperare più modelli possibili di box camera.
Le Brownie, stile box camera numero 0 del 1900 vengono prodotte fino agli anni 1960 e sono proprio questi modelli che hanno un frontale con la grafica diversa, a secondo dell'anno di produzione che si rivelano essere i modelli più robusti ed affidabili ed sono queste le fotocamere importate e risistemate da Andrea. Basta poco sforzo per pulirle, smontarle, oliarle e rimetterle in funzione, alcune, dopo essere passate per le mani di Andrea sembrano proprio fotocamere uscite dalla fabbrica una settimana prima, anzi che 60 anni fa.
Andrea si dà da fare e mette in vendita le prime fotocamere rigenerate, non per trarne un guadagno, ma per costituire una comunità di fotografi con cui condividere questa passione, scambiare idee, immagini ed esperienze.
Non vuole essere l'unico a giocare con queste fotocamere, così ha subito reagito positivamente quando l'ho contattato per chiedergli di concedermi un'intervista ed un paio di giorni dopo mi ha raggiunto a Milano, dove dopo esserci conosciuti ci siamo capiti al volo su intenti e cose da dire, a proposito di questa riscoperta.

Kodak Brownie Starlet

Quando Andrea fotografava in digitale s'era reso conto di realizzare circa 3000 scatti alla settimana che erano press'a poco tutti uguali, questo fatto gli fece capire che ci doveva essere un'altra strada da percorrere perché gli eccessi non vanno mai bene e fare troppe fotografie faceva anche perdere molto tempo per rivederle, prima d'effettuare una scelta e decidere cosa tenere e cosa buttare.
Con la pellicola bisogna concentrarsi maggiormente in fase di ripresa, inoltre ogni scatto ha un costo, il che ti induce anche ad evitare di sprecare denaro, oltre che tempo.
Andrea vorrebbe cercare d'agevolare l'accesso al mondo della vera fotografia a persone che, come lui, si trovano davanti ad un percorso inverso per affrontare una tecnica del passato, sempre ricca di fascino e capace di dare molte soddisfazioni, dopo aver conosciuto le meraviglie contemporanee fatte di sensori elettronici e di pixel. 
Andrea ha inserito sulle box camera un paio di rocchetti supplementari di legno in modo da poter utilizzare le Brownie con i rullini 135 che sono più comuni, più economici, ma che in provincia si trovano in vendita pur sempre a circa 6 euro l'uno. Per non parlare poi della difficile reperibilità delle emulsioni per il bianco e nero e del 120.

Il portarocchetti della Starlet

Delle Brownie non si butta via niente
Una vecchia Six-twenty irrecuperabile riciclata come faretto

None Brownie has been thrown away
An old unrecoverable Six-twenty recycled as spotlight

A Londra esisteva una delle fabbriche europee della Kodak, probabilmente questo fatto ha reso anche molto popolare la sua diffusione nel Regno Unito e nei paesi limitrofi, mentre come abbiamo già visto, la passione per queste box camera, dai nostri padri e dai nostri nonni non è stato vissuto con lo stesso entusiasmo. 
L'Italia era un paese povero dove la radio ed il telefono hanno conosciuto una diffusione più veloce rispetto alla fotografia di massa.
Il modello Kodak Brownie 620 montava la pellicola 620 che aveva la stessa larghezza della 120, ma veniva raccolta da rocchetti di ferro più stretti, mentre la 120 aveva rocchetti più larghi di legno.
Esistono rocchetti di ferro anche per il 120, ma è molto più comune trovare rocchetti di plastica che possono facilmente essere montati sulle Brownie six-twenty, permettendo così d'utilizzarle senza problemi di reperibilità della pellicola.
Un discorso diverso riguarda le Starlet che montavano la pellicola economica dell'epoca: la 127, prima che questa scomparisse per lasciare il monopolio della fotografia di piccolo formato ai rullini 135.
Esistono un paio di soluzioni diverse per poter usare le Starlet che montavano i 127; in un caso bisognerebbe disporre dei rocchetti originali e tagliare la pellicola più larga, solitamente la 120 con degli appositi slitter, oppure sarebbe opportuno ingegnarsi in altro modo; il che vuol dire dover ricorrere ad una maggior manualità per il taglio al buio ed il ribobinamento. L'altro metodo prevede invece l'uso di adattatori che consentono di montare un paio di caricatori (uno pieno, l'altro vuoto) nell'alloggiamento del 127, cosa che poi dà luogo alla pellicola esposta anche attorno alle perforazioni.
Per chi invece volesse fare le cose per bene, consiglio di contattare l'amico Guido Tosi della Six Gates Film e farsi rifornire di 127  già pronto all'uso, oppure contattare PFG che ne distribuisce i prodotti. Tony Graffio

La Starlet monta la pellicola 127 che espone un fotogramma di cm 4X4

Delft (NL) dall'alto, scatto eseguito su una normale pellicola 120 inserita in una Kodak Brownie 620, formato cm 6X9 circa.

Mantova in B/N fotografia realizzata con una Kodak Brownie Starlet con gli adattatori per il 135

Le Kodak Brownie le potete trovare in vendita da Speed Photonel cuore della Bovisa, in via degli Imbriani n.55, Milano. Riflesso nello specchio in vetrina vediamo Roberto Tomasi, il geniale stampatore inventore del metodo Photo-Transfer.

Andrea mi ha detto che a breve qualche macchina fotografica delle sue si potrà trovare anche a Reggio Emilia da Foto Superstudio.

Le fotografie marchiate AM sono di Andrea e sono state realizzate con le sue Kodak Brownie, le altre sono di Tony Graffio

English text
Would you like to have fun with little money? 
Would you like to et a camera beautifully designed, like new, but 60 years old?
Not to mention that it is a piece made in England capable of obtaining good images in pure Lomo style!
All this for less of the price nedeed to buy a Holga?
It would seem impossible, but you can do great things, thanks to the young designer from Mantua, 25 years old, Andrea Mambrini.
He removed some old cameras from hibernation and he is reviving them for all of us, giving to them even more charme because they are not so easy to find in perfec conditions.
What I'm talking about?
But of the Kodak Brownie, of course. The nice box cameras the yellow house has produced for almost 60 years in every shape, size and version; thing that can increase even more its collectible interest.
Many are convinced that curiosity is a flaw, yet it is the passion for how things work and the desire to look inside everything that Andrea has developed his intelligence, as well as the taste of being able to reuse objects that have never really gone out of fashion and know how to win new legions of young photographers.
Italy has always been a country where there were problems to be solved urgently in relation to the daily survival and the conquest of the normal rights to the most humble people, compared to what happened in most industrialized countries and the living conditions of their inhabitants, already in early 1900, they enjoyed a political and social system more viable and democratic, as well as a state of law in effect applied to every citizen, regardless of his ideas, sex, religion or economic status, what that seems to be still to be put into practice, here with us in the most beautiful country in the world: Cleaverland (I say this not because it was yesterday acquitted a prominent Italian politician, but because they are always the same honest to be penalized by this rethink).
While with a dollar, or a pound you could buy a Kodak Brownie camera, in Italy only professional photographers, generally nobles, aristocrats, or people of a higher social level, could afford to stay behind a film, or slab that was, while they were taking a shutter.
The real popularity of the spread of photography and of the tools able to capture images in Italy have slipped by about 50-60 years than in the UK, France, Germany and, of course, USA.

Only after the economic boom of the decade 1954-1964, the average Italian has found the taste to buy his first camera and compose alone the subject of which would then record it, with the intervention of cheap cameras made in Italy frequently used format within 127 light-tight boxes of brands also disappeared, as Ferrania or Bencini, to name two of the most famous.


Small cuboid Brownie, enabled the man of the street to make his photographic revolution, simply by pressing a button, while Kodak, then, would do the rest of work.
For bringing photography into every house, each of us should be grateful to this product that was brilliant in its simplicity and robust enough for every days life.
Working with a shutter speed around 1/50 second and a diaphragm very closed about f 8 , f 11 these cute little boxes allowed to have great depth of field, without any other adjustment.

In the early days Brownie cameras were built of cardboard, and later will be made of bakelite, plastic and metal.


About 3 years ago, while still at the Bovisa Polytechnic, Andrea read an article describing the Brownie on the National Geographic Magazine and since then he has taken to research the box cameras to put them back on track and reuse.
It was during his time at university (recently completed) that Andrea began photographing and passionate about certain solutions, somewhat difficult to understand for someone accustomed to computers more than chemistry and sensitometry.

With his peers discovered the digital medium, and then re-orient themselves towards the traditional photography techniques that allow you to experience the most creative, or less controllable, such as double exposures and the use of expired emulsions with the unpredictability of some strange fascinating colors.

The Holga is in some way related to the Brownie due to inaccurate optics and mechanical able to produce chromatic aberrations and uncorrect expositions.

After trying to find information about the Kodak Brownie, based on the study methodology learned at University, Andrea begins to look around to collect some specimens of the camera to take apart to see how it is made and be able to tidy up for normal use.
A friend who lives in London helps him find cameras in good conditions and mails them to Italy.
The research proceeds in a scientific way to discover how the photography was born almost 200 years ago and to recover more possible models of box camera.
The Brownie box camera style number 0 of the 1900 are produced until the 1960s, and these are the models that have a front with different graphics, depending on the year of production that turn out to be the most robust and reliable models. These are the cameras imported and rearranged by Andrea. It takes little effort to clean them, take them apart, oil them and put them back into operation, some, after passing through the hands of Andrea cameras seem to leave the factory a week earlier, rather than 60 years ago.
Andrea works hard and puts on sale the first cameras regenerated, not for financial gain, but to build a community of photographers to share this passion, exchange ideas, images and experiences.
Do not want to be the only one to play with these cameras, so he immediately reacted positively when I contacted him to ask him to grant me an interview and a couple of days after he reached Milan, where after having met, we understood we had the same intent and things to say, about this rediscovery.

When Andrea photographed digitally he realized to shoot about 3000 photographs a week that were more or less all the same, this fact made him realize that there had to be another way to go because the excesses are never good and doing too many photographs was also losing a lot of time to review them, before you make a choice and decide what to keep and what to throw away.
With film you have to pay more attention to what you do, each shot also has a cost, which leads you also to avoid wasting money, as well as time.
Andrea would like to try to facilitate access to the world of real photography to people who, like him, are located in front of a reverse path to address a technique of the past, always fascinating and able to give a lot of satisfaction, after knowing the contemporary wonders made of electronic sensors and pixels.
Andrea has entered the room box in a couple of additional spools of wood in order to use the Brownie with the rollers 135 that are more common, cheapest, but which for who lives in the province 135 film still cost about 6 euro each. Not to mention the scarcity of emulsions for black and white and 120 films.

In London there was one of the European factories of Kodak, probably this fact has made it very popular its spread in the United Kingdom and neighboring countries, and as we have seen, the passion for these box camera, was not livedrom by our fathers and our grandfathers with the same enthusiasm.
Italy was a poor country where the radio and the telephone have experienced a spread faster than the mass photography.
The Kodak Brownie model 620 was equipped with the film 620 which had the same width of 120, but was collected from narrower spools of iron, while the 120 had larger wooden spools.
There are spools of iron for the 120, but it is much more common to find spools of plastic that can easily be mounted on Brownie twenty-six, allowing for use without problems of availability of the film.
A different concerns Starlet who rode the film economic era: the 127, before it disappears to leave the monopoly of photography of small format to the rollers 135.
There are a couple of different solutions in order to use the Starlet who rode the 127; in a case you should have the original spools and cut the film from a wider, format, usually a 120 film, using a special slitter, or would it be appropriate to strive otherwise; which means having to use a greater dexterity in the darkness for cutting and rewinding. The other method, however, makes use of adapters that allow you to mount a pair of chargers (one full, the other empty) into the 127, which then gives rise to the exposed film also around the perforations.
For those who want to do things in the right easy way, contact Guido Tosi of Six Gates Film and make supply of 127 ready to use, or contact PFG of Milan that distributes these products. Tony Graffio